隐喻和转喻的区分:研究现状和分歧

Distinction Between Metaphor and Metonymy:Status quo and Disagreements

转喻研究似乎一直处于隐喻的阴影中,居次要地位。从隐喻和转喻的定义及一般特征入手,以动词短语、熟语、通感形容词等为例,从二者的功能、产生的基础、映现发生的范围、映现的方向、形式差异、映现与突显、推理的假设性和判定的主观性等方面探讨区分二者的若干标准以及存在的分歧和问题,并强调转喻在人类认知模式中的基础性地位,并揭示隐喻和转喻这两种基本的认识模式的本质特征及其区分。

It seems that metonymy has always been in the shadow of metaphor and considered secondary to the latter. Beginning with their definitions and general attributes, and on the basis of analyses of verb-phrases, idioms, synaesthetic adjectives, etc. , this paper discusses their distinguishing criteria, the disagreements and problems thereof through their func- tions, foundations, mapping categories and directions, formal differences, mapping and highlighting, referencing hypotheti- calness, and subjectivity of identification. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the fundamental status of metonymy and to further explore the nature of and distinction between metaphor and metonymy as two basic cognitive models.