玉米收获机组合式指形拨禾机构设计与仿真

Design and Simulation of Compounding Crop Divider with Finger Rotor

玉米不分行收获的技术关键是如何实现茎秆的有效导入。在分析现有不分行玉米收获机割台结构的基础上,对指形拨禾机构提出了改进方案,将拨茎轮和拨穗轮独立安装,拨穗轮靠近螺旋输送器。拨茎杆为直杆,拨穗杆为弯杆,两者偏心安装方向相反,转动方向相同。拨穗轮后移,可改善对果穗的输送效果,避免与拨茎杆发生干涉。改变拨茎杆的偏心方向,可增强对茎秆的拨送能力,增加拨禾的有效范围,从而提高了对不同玉米行距的适应性。通过对茎秆运动仿真实现算法的设计,在Matlab环境下进行模拟试验,探讨了茎秆运动规律,对改进方案进行了分析验证。建立了拨穗杆的曲线方程,为样机开发提供了理论依据。

The key technology of no-row corn harvester is how to make corn stems being fed effectively.Through analyzing the structure of existing no-row corn harvesters,a new improved project was advanced on the basis of feed-in mechanism with finger rotor,stem-rotor and ear-rotor were installed independently,and the ear-rotor was closed with sweep auger.The stem-rods were straight and the ear-rods were bended,their eccentricity orientations were opposite when they were installed,but they turned in the same direction.As the ear-rotor was moved backwards,the effectiveness of ears delivery was improved,and interference between the stem-rods and the ear-rods was avoided.Change of the stem-rods eccentricity mounting orientation strengthened their ability to transport stems,and increased effectively the range of feeding stem,thereby the adaptability of the harvester to different corn row was improved.By designing the stem motion simulation algorithm,virtual test of the stems motion was completed with the Matlab software,and the movement law of the stems was discussed.Equation of the ear-rod was established,these provided a theoretical basis for the development of prototype.