植物油增塑聚苯乙烯包膜肥料的研究

Research on Coated-Fertilizers of Polystyrene Plasticized by Vegetable Oil

目的为了提高化肥的利用率,降低缓释肥料的生产成本.方法以废弃聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料为基本材料、植物油为增塑剂对尿素进行包膜,用乙酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯和甲苯两种体系的溶剂进行溶解,制备包膜肥料.用水中溶出率法和土壤淋溶法研究包膜尿素控释效果.结果表明植物油对聚苯乙烯具有良好的增塑性,采用乙酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯和甲苯两种体系的溶剂进行溶解制备包膜肥料,除A1外,其他5种肥料初期溶出率均低于40%,可以确认用此两种体系溶剂溶解聚苯乙烯皆可行,混合溶剂体系的效果更好些.该包膜肥料的包膜量以10%为最佳.结论利用了聚苯乙烯废弃物,在一定程度上减少了"白色污染",同时又提高了尿素的利用率.综合利用资源、变废为宝、实现可持续性的循环经济发展.

In order to utilize fertilizers efficiently and reduce the cost of production of slow-released fertilizers, the wasted polystyrene plasticized by vegetable oil was used as matrix materials for coated urea. With the waste polystyrene foamed plastic as the coating material, dissolution of two types of solvent, pure ethyl acetate, solution of ethyl acetate and methylbenzene, series of fertilizers were developed. The coated fertilizers showed better controlled-releasing property from the result of the water dissolving experiment and the soil leaching experiments. The test showed that the vegetable oil was better for plasticization of polystyrene. When ethyl acetate and solvents of ethyl acetate and methylbenzene were used to prepare coated-fertilizers, the preliminary solubility percentages of the coated fertilizers were below 40% except A1. Two solvent serials were both feasible and the mixed solvent system showed the better effect. The optimum coated dose of the coating material was 10 percent. This study proposed a way to fully use the wasted polystyrene and reduce the ＂white pollution＂ to a certain extent;the utilization rate of urea was heightened;the goal of turning rubbish into treasure was diligently achieved; the resources were fully used; the development of circulation economy was realized.