非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络数据传送机制

A Data Transmission Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Unequal Clustering

针对无线传感器网络多跳数据传送过程中遇到的问题,提出一种非均匀分簇的数据传送机制(DTUC).其核心思想是:从概率的角度出发分层和分簇,使得靠近汇聚节点(Sink)分层内的簇数量较多,簇内节点数较少,而在远离Sink节点分层内的簇数量较少,簇内节点数较多,从而保证内层簇头节点减少其簇内开销,以节省更多的能量用于数据的簇间传送.同时,基于能耗均衡的思想对各层节点进行部署,使得各层能耗大体相当.仿真实验表明,DTUC算法能有效地平衡网络节点能耗,延长网络生命期,比EECS和LEACH的网络生命期分别提高了33%和54%.

A novel data transmission mechanism based on unequal clustering （DTUC） is presented to solve the ＂hot spot＂ problem of multihop data transmission in wireless sensor networks. In the DTUC, the entire network is divided into some layers and some clusters from the probability view point. The number of clusters in nodes closer to the sink node is greater than that in nodes far away from the sink node, while the number of nodes with clusters closer to the sink node is lower than that with clusters far away from the sink node. Thus the inner cluster heads can reduce the energy consumption within a cluster, and preserve more energy for inter-cluster data relaying. In addition, the distribution of nodes in every layer is deployed according to the energy consumption balance, such that the energy consumption in every layer is nearly equal. Simulation studies show that the DTUC significantly balances the nodes＇ energy consumption and prolongs the lifetime of networks. Compared with EECS and LEACH, the network lifetime of the DTUC is prolonged by 33% and 54%, respectively.