红枫湖秋季浮游植物群落与环境因子关系研究

Phytoplankton Community and Its Relationship With Environmental Factors in Hongfeng Lake

于2008年9~11月,对贵州红枫湖进行了每周一次采样监测,选取浮游植物及总磷、总氮、氨氮、pH值、水温、溶解氧、化学耗氧量、透明度等环境因子进行同步调查和研究,利用多样性指数法分析了浮游植物的多样性,采用多元线性回归和典范对应分析(CCA)方法对浮游植物和环境因子之间的关系进行探讨;运用绿藻指数和藻类综合指数水库的富营养化现状进行评价。结果显示:研究期内共鉴定出浮游植物82种,隶属于5门23科40属,浮游植物丰度在3.828×106~210.2375×106cell/L之间,生物量在1.310~26.965mg/L之间,其中蓝藻占总浮游植物丰度的95%,占总生物量的56.7%,以微囊藻属(Microcystis Kutz)为绝对优势属。Ⅰ~Ⅲ库区藻类Marglef多样性指数分别为4.459、3.681和3.954,相关性分析结果表明藻类种类数、细胞密度对数与水体pH之间呈显著的负相关关系;多样性指数d与pH值、水温、溶解氧、透明度呈显著的正或负相关关系;浮游植物种类与环境因子相关系数在轴1上达到0.967,隐藻主要受水温、总磷的影响;硅藻对环境具有较强的适应性,能适应较高的pH值和较低的水温;蓝藻、绿藻与氮磷营养盐、pH值表现出明显正负相关性。绿藻指数和藻类综合指数评价水体为富富营养至重富营养型。

We weekly sampled the phytoplankton from Sep.to Nov.of 2008 in Hongfeng Lake,studied on phytoplankton and eight environmental factors,using diversity indexes method analysed the diversity of phytoplankton,community index of phytoplankon and water were carried out by using Regression Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis,and using Algae Comprehensive Index and R.Margalef Index evaluated the current eutrophication status of Hongfeng Lake.The result showed that: 82 species of algae were found,whichis Belonging to 5phylum 23section 67 genera,Phytoplankton had an abundance ranging from3.828×106 to 210.2375×106cells/L and total biomass varied from1.310 to 2.0965mg/L,The phytoplankton community was dominated by Microcystis Kutz.The values of Margalef indexes fromⅠarea toⅢarea were 4.459、3.681 and 3.954 respectively.The number of algae species and cell density of algae were negative correlated with pH value,and the value of Marglef Index positively or negative correlated with pH、WT、DO and SD fromⅠ area to Ⅲarea.The Species-environment correlations of axis 1.reach 0.967.Furthermore,the Cryptophyta influenced by WT and TP;the Bacillariophyta has higher adaptability to the changeable of environment.The correlation of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta with the temperature is not big,but withTP、TN and pH displays obviously positive correlation.The values of algae comprehensive index and the R.Margalef index indicate that Hongfeng Lake has suffered from serious pollution.