强震区岩体地震动力破坏特征

Characteristics of Rock Mass Failure under Seismic Loads at Strong Earthquake Areas

岩体的地震动力破坏是岩体动力学的重要组成部分,但研究较少。本文分析了缺乏研究的原因;将岩体地震动力破坏划分为6种形式即:滑坡、崩塌、剥落、塌陷、地裂缝和岩体松动,其中岩体松动是震后产生次生地质灾害的重要原因;按照动力作用方式、岩体地震动力破坏的应力状态和破坏机制对岩体地震动力破坏进行分类,并探讨了地震滑坡和非地震滑坡的区别;讨论了岩体地震动力破坏的5个特点:不均匀性、重复性、丛集性、结构控制性和广泛性。

As an important part of rock mass dynamics, the seismic dynamic failure of rock mass was short of study before. In this paper, the reason of this short is analyzed first. The seismic dynamic failure of rock mass is classified into 6 types of forms： landslide, rock avalanche, spalling, collapse, ground fissure and rock mass dynam-relaxation, among them the rock mass dy- nam-relaxation is an important factor for causing a lot of secondary geological hazards. According to the action manner of seismic dynamic loads, stress state and failure mechanism, the rock mass seismic dynamic failure is further divided, the earthquake landslide and non-earthquake landslide are differentiated. At last, the characteristics of the failure are discussed from its inhomogeneity, repeated failure, clustering, controlling by discontinuities, and universality.