董仲舒华夷之辨思想探析

An Analytical Study on the Sinocentrism Idea of Dong Zhongshu

董仲舒的华夷之辨思想以文化——特别是礼、义、信等德目作为划分华夷的标准,主张华夷可以互变,为民族大融合扫除了种族上的障碍。他坚持华夷的等级性,强调华尊夷卑,但华夷都是中华民族不可缺少的一部分,都是王的臣民,因此他提出"王者爱及四夷"的主张,注重以修文德的方式使四夷来归,反对武力征伐。其思想随着儒学的独尊,成为汉朝主流的民族思想,影响着汉朝民族政策的制定和民族关系的处理,促进了民族大融合的发展。

The Sinocentrism idea of Dong Zhongshu takes culture-especially rites, righteousness and fidelity as the standard in distinguishing Hans from other barbarian races. It advocates that Hans and other barbarian races can tautomerize and clears the racial barriers for the national fusion. On one hand, he holds on the idea of grades between Hans and other barbarian races, emphasizes on that Hans is superior than other barbarian races. On the other hand, he thinks both Hans and other barbarian races are indispensable to Chinese nation. So, he claims ＂King must love all his people＂ and upholds the national fusion by culture and virtue not by sword. The idea of ＂Sinocentrism＂ becomes the mainstream national idea of Han Dynasty with the dominance of Confucianism. It influences the establishment of national policy and the handling of the ethnic relations of Han Dynasty and promotes the development of national fusion.