空间布局的约束图方法

The Method of Constraint Graphs Used in Spatial Layout

空间布局的自动化是智能ＣＡＤ领域的研究方向之一，旨在为设计师提供智能辅助工具，用于求解在建筑、厂房设备、大规模集成电路以及产品包装等等若干领域出现的布局问题．图论方法是空间布局研究的主要途径之一．以往的布局模型由于难以充分表达知识与约束，使得设计过程与结果难以控制．本文提出一种可应用于２Ｄ及３Ｄ布局的规范约束图及层次约束图模型，给出了约束图解的存在条件．该模型可以表示精细的布局知识与约束，在一定程度上克服了以往图模型不能充分表达布局知识与约束的不足．

Spatial layout automation is one of the research directions in intelligent CAD domain. The aim is to provide tools for designers to solve the layout problems emerged in building planning, facility planning, VLSI floor planning, product packaging and such like the fields. Human designers can interact with the tools and find some new creative solutions. The graph theoretic method is one of the main approaches in the research of spatial layout. One of the difficulties in layout design is the representation of layout knowledge and constraints. Former layout models can not fully represent layout knowledge and constraints. The drawbacks of former models lead the design process uncontrolled. This paper represents a normal constraint graph model and a hierarchical constraint graph model that can be used in 2D or 3D layout design. The two models combined can be used to represent the detailed knowledge and constraints in layout design. Thus, it can overcome the drawbacks of the former layout models. In this paper the condition of the existence of the solution of normal and hierarchical constraint graphs is discussed and the layout plan generation method based on the normal and hierarchical constraint graphs is given.