菊花的干燥与覆膜研究

Study on Drying and Membrane-covering of Chrysanthemum

[目的]寻找干燥观赏菊的最佳方法,并研究其干燥花的表面覆膜技术。[方法]以新鲜菊花为材料,用不同浓度和温度的甘油溶液浸泡,并用不同的干燥方法干燥,以成品的感官评分为指标,选出最好的菊花干燥方法。[结果]在常温下用10%甘油溶液对菊花进行24 h浸泡处理的软化效果最佳。不做任何处理的菊花干燥后的感官分值最低,用细沙包埋干燥后的菊花感官分值最高,食盐与细沙以1∶1混合包埋处理对菊花的护形效果最差,10%甘油溶液处理的菊花以细沙包埋干燥的护形效果最佳。以石蜡作为覆膜材料对菊花的定型和防水效果均较好。[结论]用10%甘油溶液常温浸泡后,再以细沙为干燥剂干燥的菊花有较高的观赏价值,以石蜡覆膜干燥菊花的效果较好。

[ Objective] The purpose was to find the optimum method of drying ornamental chrysanthemum and study the surface membrane-covering technology of dried flower. [Method] With fresh chrysanthemum as material, it was soaked in glycerin solution at different concn, and temperatures and dried by different drying methods. With the sensory value of products as index, the best drying method of chrysanthemum was selected out. [ Result] The softening effect of soaking chrysanthemum in 10% glycerin solution at room temperature for 24 h was best. The sensory score of dried chrysanthemum without any treatment was lowest and that of chrysanthemum dried by embedding in silver sand was highest. The effect on keeping the shape of chrysanthemum of embedding in the mixture of salt and silver sand with ratio at 1 ： 1 was worst and that of treating with 10% glycerin solution and drying by embedding in silver sand was best. With paraffin as membrane-covering material, the setting and waterproofing effects on ehrysanthemum were better. [Conclusion] The chrysanthemum soaked in 10% glycerin solution at room temperature and then dried with silver sand as drier had higher ornamental value and the effect of membrane-covering dried chrysanthemum with paraffin was better.