中国近45年来气候变化的研究

STUDIES ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN CHINA IN RECENT 45 YEARS

利用１９５１～１９９５年约４００站的月平均气温、降水和１９６１～１９９５年２００余站的最高和最低气温、相对湿度、总云量和低云量、日照时数、蒸发、风速和积雪日数和深度以及０～３．２ｍ共８层土壤温度等资料，对近４５ａ来中国气候变化特征作了一个较全面的分析研究。本文作为第一部分，分析了平均气温、最高最低气温、降水、相对湿度和日照的气候变化规律。其余要素的变化规律以及中国气候变化的可能机制将在第二部分中加以讨论。

ased on the data of monthly mean air temperature and precipitation from about 400 stations in 1951～1995 and the data of maximum and minimum air temperature,relative humidity,total cloud cover and lowcloud cover,sunshine duration,evaporation,wind speed,snowcovered days and depth,and soil temperatures in 8 layers from o m dowm to 3.2 m,from 200 odd stations in 1961～1995,the climate change and its characteristics in China in recent 45 years have been analyzed and studied comprehensively. This paper,as the first part of the work,has analyzed the climate change and regularities of such meteorological elements as mean air temperature,maximum and minimum air temperature,precipitation,relative humidity and sumshine duration.The possible mechanism on climate change in China and the climate change and regularities of other meteorological elements will be discussed in another paper as the second part.