5种裸腹溞的核型及亲缘进化关系的研究

The karyotype and evolutionary relationship among 5 species water fleas Moina

以5种裸腹溞Moina为试验材料进行了染色体数目和核型的研究。染色体制片采用气干法,依据Levan等和Stebbins的标准进行染色体分类。结果表明:蒙古裸腹溞M.mongolica的核型公式为2N=6M+18T,NF=30,1A;多刺裸腹溞M.macrocopa,2N=10M+12T,NF=32,1A;直额裸腹溞M.rectirostris,2N=12M+12T,NF=36,1B;微型裸腹溞M.micrura,2N=10M+14T,NF=34,1A;近亲裸腹溞M.affinis,2N=12M+14T,NF=38,1B。在此基础上进一步探讨了5种裸腹溞的亲缘进化关系,认为5种裸腹溞按进化地位的高低顺序依次为直额裸腹溞>近亲裸腹溞>多刺裸腹溞>微型裸腹溞>蒙古裸腹溞。

The chromosomal numbers and karyotypes of 5 species water fleas Moina were studied by the air - drying method. The chromosomes were classified by the methods of Levan et al. and Stebbins. The karyotype formula was found as following： 2N =24 =6M ＋ 18T, NF =30, 1A in M. mongolica; 2N =22 = 10M ＋ 12T, NF =32, 1A in M. macrocopa; 2N =24 = 12M ＋ 12T, NF =36, 1B in M. rectirostris; 2N =24 = 10M ＋ 14T, NF =34, 1A in M. micrura; 2N =26 = 12M ＋ 14T, NF = 38, 1B in M. affinis. Furthermore, the evolutionary relationship among 5 species of Moina was discussed, and the comparable result revealed that the phylogenetic status was descendantly arranged as the following： M. rectirostris 〉 M. affinis 〉 M. macrocopa 〉 M. micrura 〉 M. mongolica.