盐城自然保护区海滨湿地植被演替的生态机制

Ecological mechanisms of vegetation succession of coastal wetland in Yancheng Nature Reserve

研究选取盐城自然保护区核心区典型湿地作为参照,对其海滨湿地植物群落的自然演替以及利用生态工程方法控制外来种互花米草(Spatina alterniflora)的生态学机理进行了研究。利用空间替代时间的方法,采取主分量分析和多元线性回归相结合的分析手段,对采集的相关环境参量数据进行分析,建立了海滨湿地植被自然演替的模型。模型表明,在海滨湿地植被的自然演替过程中,水分、盐度、土壤养分都起到了重要的作用,同时种间竞争也发挥了巨大的作用。不同演替阶段各因素的影响大小各不相同。在模型的基础上分析了演替过程中环境因子与3种主要优势物种之间以及物种与物种之间的相互作用关系。

To understand the mechanism of the ecological engineering way for controlling Spatina alterniflora, a typical wetland in the core area of Yancheng Nature Reserve was chosen as a reference to study its natural succession. By employing a space-for-time substitution approach, a succession sequence of time series was built. After analyzing the data of related environmental factors with the method of Principal Component Analysis （PCA）, three principal components were obtained. Through multiple linear regression analysis, a succession model of coastal wetland ecosystem was built up using the three principal components we got as parameters to study how environmental factors function in succession process. The model showed that in the nature succession process of coastal wetland vegetation, moisture, salinity, and soil nutrients all had played important roles, so as competition between species and different factors had different impacts on different succession stages. As a reference wetland, this study could help us to evaluate the degradation of wetland and the effect of wetland restoration,as well as to help us to achieve the balance of utilization and reservation.