MZPH-820型单行马铃薯收获机设计

Design on MZPH-820 Single-row Potato Harvester

针对现有小型马铃薯收获机作业过程中,行进阻力大、易于壅堵、伤薯率高,以及垄高适应性差等问题,设计了MZPH-820型单行马铃薯收获机。该机挖掘铲各铲片相互分离,间隙通畅;升运链导向撑链轮通过悬臂板支撑,承力通轴实现向上移动,作业时入土部件仅有挖掘铲及切土防漏圆盘,可有效防止秧茎缠绕及壅土;挖掘铲角度调节机构可实现挖掘铲与升运链导向撑链轮角度的同步调节,使挖掘铲铲面倾角在18°~30°内连续可调,便于不同土质条件下优化作业性能;导向限深轮及支撑行走轮二者高度的协调调整使得收获机能够满足100~400 mm垄高地块的作业要求,保证挖掘铲预设铲面倾角的实现,垄高适应性得到增强。宽行高垄地块的田间试验表明：MZPH-820型单行马铃薯收获机挖掘、输运顺畅,分离效果明显,纯小时生产率为0.10 hm2/h,伤薯率为0.3%,损失率为3.9%,性能达到技术规范要求。

With the aim to solve the problems of the soil blocking, the high rate of tuber damage, and the bad adaptability to different heights of ridge, MZPH- 820 potato harvester was designed. The blades of the digging device were designed separating from each other, as well as their supported pipes. The guide rollers of the screening conveyor belt installed on two cantilever plates individually, this brought the transverse through shaft a bit large displacement to the upwards. Both of them made the blades and the soil-cutting discs be the only two kinds of soil-engaging parts, and effectively prevented vines winding and soil blocking. The blades angle adjusting mechanism performed the angle adjustment of the blades and the guide rollers of the screening conveyor belt in the same time, and the adjusting range of the blades angle is 18°- 30°. Through adjusting the heights of mound drum and rear wheels harmoniously, the harvester could meet the working demand of various ridge height in range of 100-400 mm and ensure the presetting angle of the blades. This improved greatly the adaptability to different ridge heights. Field experimental results show that in conditions of high ridge wide row, MZPH- 820 potato harvester performed smoothly in digging, lifting and transporting without any blocking, and potatoes were separated effectively from soil rate was 0.3 %, and losing rate was 3.9 %, all metting the Its productivity was 0.10 hm^2/h, damage technical requirements.