农家肥与化肥配合使用对烤烟产值和品质的影响

Effect of Combined Application of Farm Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on the Output Value and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

[目的]探讨农家肥与化肥配合使用对烤烟的品质和产值的影响。[方法]在湖北襄樊保康县大田试验中,设6个处理:100%无机肥(T1)、20%农家肥+80%无机肥(T2)、40%农家肥+60%无机肥(T3)、60%农家肥+40%无机肥(T4)、80%农家肥+20%无机肥(T5)、100%农家肥(T6),研究不同配比的化肥和农家肥对烤烟产值和品质的影响。[结果]6个处理中,以T3处理效果最好,烤烟中的烟碱含量、全氮含量、烟叶中钾含量均达到当地条件下的最优值,分别为1.96%、1.38%和2.39%,烟叶的上中等烟叶比率90.55%,均价11.38元/kg,均达到当地最优。[结论]在当地土壤状况条件下,施用40%农家肥+60%无机肥,不仅可以提高烟叶中的钾氯比,使烟叶更趋于优质优产,而且还可以提高烟叶的经济效益。

[ Objective] Tne study aimed to discuss the effect of combined application of farm manure and chemical fertilizer on output value and quality of flue-cured tobacco. [ Method] In the field experiment in Baokang County, Xiangfan, Hubei Province, 6 treatments were set up as： 100% inorganic fertilizer （T1）, 20% farm manure ＋ 80% inorganic fertilizer （T2）, 40% farm mantrre ＋ 60% inorganic fertilizer （T3）, 60% farm manure ＋ 40% inorganic fertilizer （T4）, 80% farm manure ＋ 20% inorganic fertilizer （T5）, 100% farm manuze （T6）. The effects of application of chemical fertilizers and farm manure with different proportion on the output value and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied. [ Result ] The treatment effect of T3 was best among six treatments. After application of T3, the contents of nicotine, total nitrogen and potassium of flue-cured tobacco leaves were up to the optimal value under the local condition, which were 1.96%, 1.38% and 2.39% resp. ; the ratio of superior middle grade tobacco leaves was 90.55% and the average price was 11.38 yuan/kg, which reached the optimal level in local place. [Conclusion] Application of 40% farmmanure ＋ 60% fertilizer was not only improving the rate of potassium and chloride in tobacco leaves, but also increasing the economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco under the local soil condition.