髌韧带血供及其在重建膝交叉韧带中的意义

Blood Supply for Patellar Tendon and Its Clinical Significance in Reconstruction of Cruciate Ligament

目的：探讨髌韧带血供的特点，为临床交叉韧带移植重建提供应用解剖学资料。方法：通过对成人和胎儿下肢标本经股动脉红色乳胶灌注并解剖观察，以及胎儿墨汁灌注组织透明和组织切片等方法，观察髌韧带的动脉来源、分布特点，并测量胎儿韧带内微血管密度。结果：髌韧带的动脉来自膝下外动脉、胫前返动脉、膝降动脉和膝下内侧动脉的分支；胎儿髌韧带不同区域微血管密度不同，以韧带中心部位密度最低。结论：髌韧带中心部为相对乏血管区，对以髌韧带为替代物行交叉韧带重建有重要的临床意义。

Objective：To investigate the characteristics of blood supply of patellar tendon, in order to provide the anatomic data for the clinical transplantation and reconstruction of cruciate ligament. Methods：To infuse red foam rubber into the femoral arteries in adult and fetal cadavers and then dissect these arteries. To pour ink into fetal tissues in order to prepare semitransparent tissues. The patellar ligaments in other four fetal cadavers were routinely embedded and made for pathological sections. By above mentioned methods, the origins and distribution of the patellar ligaments were observed, the mierovessel density in the fetal ligaments was measured. Results ： The arteries of patellar tendon come from the branches of lateral inferior genieular artery, anterior tibial recurrent tibial artery, descending genicular artery, medial inferior genicular artery. The mierovessel density in different regions of fetal patellar tendon was various, and the lowest was in the central part. Conclusions ： The middle part of patellar tendon relatively is short of vessels, this characteristic is very important to reconstruction of cruciate ligament with patellar ligament.