60Coγ射线辐射大杯香菇诱变效应的主成分分析

Analysis on the Main Components in the Radio-mutation Efficiency of Lentinus giganteus by 60Coγ Ray

采用主成分分析法对^60Coγ射线辐射大杯香菇的诱变效应进行了研究。从10项性状指标中提取出5个诱变效应主成分，累积方差贡献率为91．85％。根据主成分对原性状的综合能力，进行生物学意义分析，5个主成分可分别解释为农艺性状与酶学效应因子，增重效应因子，盖增大效应因子，粗壮效应因子和盖厚度效应因子，并建立了主成分方程，结合辐射育种实际情况，认为第1主成分较全面反应了辐射育种目标，为期望诱变效应，是大杯香菇诱变育种的主要参考性状组合。各处理组的第1、2、3、4、5主成分值计算结果表明，1．25kGy处理组的第1主成分最大为3．18，远高于其它处理组，为较适宜的辐射剂量。

The main-component analyzing method was adopted to investigate the radio-mutation efficiency of Lentinus gigantes by ^60Coγ/ ray. 5 main components with radio-mutation efficiency, which contributed the accumulative variance by 91.85 % has been picked out from 10 character indexes. According to the comprehensive function of each main component in original characters of Lentinus giganteus, their biological significance has been analyzed. The 5 main components could be explained respectively as the factor of agronomic character and enzymologic effect, the factor of weight increase, the factor of pileus-enlarging effect, the factor of thickset effect and factor of pileus-thiekening effect. And the e- quation of main components was established. Combining the real situation in radiation breeding, it is considered that, the 1 st main component （ the factor of agronomic character and enzymologic effect） reflected in all around the radiation breeding target, it is a desired induction effect and the main reference character for the radiation breeding of Lentinus giganteus. The calculation of the values of main components from 1st to 5th factors in different treatments showed that, the value of 1st main component in the treatment of 1.25 KGy dosage was the biggest which is 3.18, and much bigger than other treatments. It is a relatively suitable radiation dosage.