安徽省马鞍山市腹泻患者变形杆菌感染状况的初步探讨

Preliminary study of Bacillus proteus infection status among diarrheal patients

目的掌握安徽省马鞍山市腹泻患者中变形杆菌的感染状况,为建立食源性疾病主动监测体系提供必要的参考。方法采集该市医院门诊腹泻患者粪便标本,经分离培养、生化学、血清学、鲎实验等一系列微生物学方法,对检出的变形杆菌和其他病原菌进行鉴定,部分菌株进行内毒素检测和药敏试验。结果460份腹泻粪便标本中,检出腹泻性病原菌200株,其中变形杆菌131株(检出率28.48%),包括奇异变形杆菌115株(25.00%)和普通变形杆菌16株(3.48%);变形杆菌占病原菌构成比的65.50%,居首位。男、女性感染人数分别占32.02%和25.00%,差异无统计学意义;各年龄组感染差异也无统计学意义。对其中80株变形杆菌进行了内毒素检测,64株内毒素阳性,阳性率为80.00%。结论变形杆菌可能是马鞍山市引起腹泻和食物中毒的主要病原菌,应引起高度重视。

Objective To investigate the current status of Bacillus proteus infection among diarrheal patients in Maanshan city, Anhui province, provide the reference to establish the active surveillance system of food-borne diseases. Methods The stool samples of outpatients suffering from diarrhea were collected. By enrichment, isolation and culture, pure culture and biochemical, serological and limulus tests, the bacillus proteus detected were identified. Endotoxin and drug resistance tests were conducted for some strains. Results A total of 200 strains of pathogens were identified from 460 stool samples of diarrheal patients, in which bacillus proteus amounted to 131 swains （28.48%）, including 115 swains of proteus mirabilis （25.00%） and 16 of proteus vulgaris （3.48%）. Bacillus proteus accounted for 65.50% of all identified pathogens, ranking at the first place. Male and female patients accounted for 32.02% and 25.00%, respectively, which had no statistical significant difference, and the difference on infection rates among age groups had no statistical significance too. Among 80 strains of bacillus proteus to which endotoxin test was conducted, 64 strains were endotoxin positive （ 80.00% ）. Conclusion Bacillus proteus might be the main pathogen that caused food poisoning and diarrhea in Maanshan city, to which attention shall be paid.