透视生态课堂的基本因素及特征

Probing into the Fundamental Factors and Characteristics of Ecological Classrooms

社会的发展、教育教学改革呼唤生态课堂的出现。生态课堂的因素主要有两个方面,一方面是生态课堂的主体因素,包括教师、学生;另一方面是环境因素,包括客体的物质环境因素和由主体派生出来的人际关系因素、制度因素、文化因素、心理因素等精神环境因素。两个方面的生态课堂因素之间相互依存,相互制约,多向互动,彼此发生着多元作用。生态课堂具有整体相关与动态平衡的统一、多元共存与和谐共生的统一、开放性与交互性的统一、有限性与无限性的统一、差异性与标准性的统一等基本特征。

The social development and the reforms classrooms whose factors mainly include subjective ones objective physical environment and spiritual environmental of education and teaching call the birth of ecological like teachers and students and environmental ones like factors like interpersonal relationship, system, culture and psychology deprived from the subjects. The above two kinds of factors depend on and restrict each other as well as interact with each other in many ways. The ecological classrooms have the characteristics of the unity between holistic correlation and dynamic balance, the unity between pluralism and harmony, the unity between openness and interaction, the unity between finiteness and infiniteness, and the unity between disparity and standard.