臭氧结合拮抗酵母对草莓采后灰霉病的控制

Effect of ozone in combination with antagonistic yeast on postharvest gray mold rot incidence in strawberry fruits

为了寻找一种能够代替化学杀菌剂控制草莓采后病害的方法,试验研究了臭氧与罗伦隐球酵母(Cryptococcus laurentii(Kufferath)Skinner)结合使用对草莓采后灰霉病的控制效果的影响。研究表明,臭氧处理能显著降低草莓采后灰霉病发病率、抑制草莓水果伤口处致病菌数目和抑制霉菌孢子的萌发。经过2d的贮藏,臭氧处理与罗伦隐球酵母结合使用草莓灰霉病的发病率为29.63%,显著低于对照处理(70.37%),同时也低于臭氧处理及罗伦隐球酵母单独处理的发病率(分别为48.15%和44.44%)。在20℃和4℃下培养,罗伦隐球酵母在水果伤口处能迅速地增长,并持续保持较高水平。臭氧处理与罗伦隐球酵母结合处理能诱导草莓果实的多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLU)活性的提高,同时可以抑制脂氧合酶(LOX)活性的增加。

In order to search for an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of postharvest decay of strawberry fruits, the potential of using ozone in combination with Cryptococcus laurentii （Kufferath） Skinner for the control of postharvest gray mold rot incidence of strawberry fruits was investigated. The results showed that ozone significantly decreased the incidence of gray mold rot in strawberry fruits and inhibited the growth ofB. cinerea in vivo and in vitro. After three-day storage, the gray mold rot incidence of strawberry fruits that treated with the combination of ozone and C. laurentii was 29.63%, which was significantly lower than that of the control （70.37%） or the treatments of ozone and C. laurentii as single use （48.15% and 44.44% respectively）. The population of the yeast in wounded fruits increased remarkably after inoculation at 20℃ or 4℃, and it remained at a high level. The treatments of ozone alone or in combination with C. laurentii resulted in a transient increase in the activities of polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonialyase, catalase, lipoxgenase and β-1,3-glucanase, and restrained the increase in the activity of lipoxgenase in strawberry fruits.