天津市不同种植年限蔬菜地土壤水分特征对比研究

Analysis of Moisture Characteristics for Vegetable Soil with Different Planting Years in Tianjin

通过对天津市辛口镇蔬菜种植区不同种植年限(5年以上、10年以上及15年以上)土壤水分特征的比较分析后得知:(1)随着种植年限的延长,3种蔬菜地土壤饱和含水量、田间持水量、萎蔫含水量及有效水含量逐渐下降,种植5年以上的蔬菜地土壤,尤其是淀积层及母质层土壤的水分吸持能力高于种植10年以上和种植15年以上。(2)相比种植5年以上的蔬菜地土壤,种植15年以上的蔬菜地土壤总库容、贮水库容、有效水库容和无效水库容发生不同程度的水分亏缺。(3)随着种植年限的延长,蔬菜地土壤的孔隙减少,土壤结构变差,土壤的水分保持、供释能力及开发、利用潜力逐渐下降。该结果可为天津这种干旱地区的蔬菜地土壤,特别是耕作层土壤改良及水分的合理有效利用提供参考。

Vegetable planting area in Xinkou town,Tianjin,was chosen as our study area. In this study, moisture characteristics of three kinds of vegetable soil with different planting years, which including above 5 a, 10 a and 15 a, were compared and analyzed. The results showed as follows. （1） As increasing of vegetable planting years, soil saturation water content, field capacity, unavailable water and available water were reducing and water adsorption ability of vegetable soil was also reducing; （2） Contrast to vegetable soil which planting above 5 a, total volumetric capacity, storage volumetric capacity, available volumetric capability and unavailable volumetric capability of longer planting vegetable soil were falling. （3） Vegetable soil structure was worse as increasing of planting years. Thus, water holding and supplying ability of soil were reducing which also induced to worse of water using potential in soil. It needed to improving water adsorption and using ability of vegetable soil, especially with longer planting years. These results can provide references for water reasonable and effective using in arid areas such as Tianjin.