不同应用层次的环境风险评价技术方法的研究进展

Review of the Methods of Environmental Risk Assessment in Different Levels

针对环境风险评价的技术方法从它在建设项目、区域、规划环境影响评价三个层次的应用出发对其发展进行了全面的总结、分析。最后提出了要重视现阶段规划层次的环境风险评价的工作。建议规划的环境风险评价总体上可以借鉴区域环境风险评价的方法,在此基础上针对规划中风险源的布局尚未明确的特点可以尝试引入环境敏感点的位置作为约束条件运用运筹学的方法对规划区域的污染(风险)源进行优化布局。

This paper reviews the methods of environmental risk assessment（ERA） in three practical levels：the project, the regional, the plan. It puts forward that the ERA in plan environment assessment（PEA） should be emphasized at present. It suggests we could probably use the method of ERA in regional environment assessment（PLEA） to process the problems in PEA. Considering the character of the arrangement of the risk sources is not determinate, we can try to bring the position of the environmental sensitive objectives as the restricted conditions, then, using the operational research to optimize the location of risk sources in the planning region.