1990～2005年中国铁路机车的耗能分析

Locomotives Energy Consumption in China Railways during 1990-2005

铁路是我国重要的交通运输方式,其能源消耗状况及其强度变化对我国发展节约型交通战略的实施具有重要的影响。本文根据我国铁路部门多年的实际统计数据,计算了1990～2005年我国铁路蒸汽机车、内燃机车和电力机车逐年能源消耗量,并分析了我国铁路机车能源消耗强度及其变化特点。本研究对了解我国铁路机车的能耗实况及其年际变化规律具有一定的意义,可为制定我国铁路行业的节能降耗对策提供依据。

Railways plays a great role in China transportation, the energy consumption and intensity have a great impact on development of energy-saving transportation. Based on annual statistic data collected by China Railway Statistic Center, we calculates energy consumptions of steam locomotives, diesel locomotives and electric locomotives in China during 1990-2005, analyzing the consumption intensity and dynamic characteristics. The results show that from 1990 to 2005, the energy consumption of steam locomotives decreased while the mount of diesel and electric locomotives increased. This study presents the current status of energy consumption and intensity of locomotives in China railways, and could provide basic bases for policymaking to decrease energy consumption in China railway transportation.