对冠心病患者实施个性化、系统化健康教育的效果评价

Effect estimation of individual and systematic health education on the patients with coronary heart disease

目的:了解个性化、系统化健康教育对冠心病患者的效果,从而强化护士的健康教育意识,提高患者的健康水平,进一步提高患者的生活质量。方法:将502例冠心病患者随机分为试验组和对照组(排除人为因素),对照组采取一般的常规指导,而对试验组则根据患者及家属的具体情况于入院后及出院前反复实施有目的、有计划、系统的健康教育。对两组患者均采用询问或问卷调查的形式于患者入院时及出院前分别进行调查评定,出院后半年内对两组患者再住院率进行比较。结果:两组患者在住院天数、再住院率、对护士的满意度三方面均有显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:个性化、系统化的健康教育能明显提高患者对护士的满意度,缩短住院天数,降低再住院率;健康教育必须反复个性化、系统化实施。

Objective： To study the effects of individual and systematic health education on the patients with coronary heart disease（CHD）, then reinforce the consciousness of health education of nurses, improve the health level and quality of life of patients. Methods： 502 cases of CHD were divided into experimental group and control group randomly, the control group received the routine nursing only, and experimental group received the purposive, designed and systematic healthy education repeatedly during in hospital according to the situation of patients and their relatives. Cases of two groups were estimated by inquiry or questionnaire on admission and before leaving hospital.The ratio of rehospitalization after 6 months of two groups was compared. Results： The hospital day, the ratio of rehospitalization and satisfactory degree to the nurses of two groups had significant difference （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion： The systematic healthy education can obviously improve the satisfactory degree to the nurses, decrease the hospital day and the ratio of rehospitalization. Individual and systematic health education should be practiced repeatedly.