国内外大中型冷库制冷剂的现状和发展动向

Development on Refrigerants Used in Large and Medium-size Refrigerated Warehouses

根据对国内外大中型冷库制冷剂使用情况的调研,分析了大中型冷库制冷剂的现状。根据国际上最新的文献,评论了冷库制冷剂应用的发展新动向。结果表明:在国内外大中型冷库中,目前采用氨制冷剂是主流,今后氨仍然将是主要制冷剂。在蒸发温度-35℃以上,压缩式制冷采用氨制冷剂是最节能的。采用氨制冷剂的关键问题是安全问题。在制冷剂的发展动向中,CO2系统成为新一代制冷剂关注的重点,CO2/NH3复叠式制冷系统具有较大的发展潜力。在间接制冷系统中,采用氨水替代乙二醇作为载冷剂,可以使系统能耗明显降低。

The new development on the application of refiigerants in large and medium-size refrigerated warehouses is discussed and analyzed on the basis of recent literature. The results show that NH3 has been applied in most of the existing large and medium-size refrigerated warehouses. The compression refrigeration with NH3 has the highest energy efficiency when the evaporation temperature is above -35＂（2. Safety measures must be employed when NH3 is used. It is likely that CO2 may be one of the new generation of refrigerants and the cascade system with CO2/NH3 has great potential for the application in refrigerated warehouses. The energy consumption of the refrigerating system can decrease clearly when ammonia-water is adopted to be a secondary refrigerant instead of glycol.