南亚热带3种人工松林的凋落物水文效应研究

Hydrological Effect on 3 Pine Plantations in South Subtropical China

对南亚热带3种人工松林凋落物持水效应进行了研究。结果表明,湿地松林的凋落物储量最大,达12.02 t.hm-2,加勒比松林1次之,为10.92 t.hm-2,加勒比松林2最小,只有2.34 t.hm-2;湿地松林、加勒比松林1和加勒比松林2的凋落物最大持水量分别为39.763、29.827 t.hm-2和3.323 t.hm-2;最大持水率分别为326.18%、272.88%和128.9%。凋落物持水量和凋落物持水率随着浸泡时间的增加按照对数方程增加。吸水速率呈现出湿地松林>加勒比松林1>加勒比松林2,而且各林分的凋落物吸水速率随浸泡时间的增长按幂函数方程下降。最大拦蓄量湿地松林居首位,为29.31 t.hm-2、加勒比松林1次之,为22.64 t.hm-2,加勒比松林2最小,仅为4.35 t.hm-2。

The characteristics of litters, such as water holding capacity, proportional water holding capacity, absorption rates, and retaining content were studied in the three pine plantations in south subtropical China. The biomass of litter in Pinus elliottii forest was the largest （12.02 t·hm^-2） among the three plantations, followed by P. caribaea forest No. 1（10.92 t·hm^-2） and the P. caribaea forest No. 2 （2.34 t·hm^-2）. The total water holding capacity of P. elliottii forest,P, caribaea forest No. 1 and P. caribaea forest No. 2 were 39. 763 t ·hm^-2 , 29. 827 t·hm^-2 and 3. 323 t ·hm^-2 respectively. The proportional water holding capacity as a percentage of the litter dry weight in P. elliottii forest,P. caribaea forest No. 1 and P. caribaea forest No. 2 were 326. 18%, 272.88% and 128. 9M respectively. The total water holding capacity and proportional water holding capacity of litter increased logarithmically with increasing time immersed in water. The order of the water absorption rate of litter was P. elliottii forest 〉 P. caribaea forest No. 1 〉 P. caribaea forest No. 2. The water absorption rate of three plantations decreased according to equation with increasing time immersed in water. The retaining content of the P. elliottii forest was the largest （29.31 t ·hm^-2） among the three plantations, followed by P. caribaea forest No. 1（22.64 t·hm^-2） and the P. caribaea forest No. 2 （4.35t ·hm^-2）.