中年知识分子生存质量影响因素分析

Quality of life and related factors in middle age intellectuals

目的了解贵州省贵阳市中年知识分子生存质量现状及影响因素,为其提供有效的健康保健。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,自某地不同行业中抽取40-60岁、中专或中级职称以上的在职人员1315名作为研究对象,用世界卫生组织生存质量量表WHOQOL-BREF和自编调查问卷按自填方式实施集体调查。结果中年知识分子生存质量状况不理想,14.9%较差,生存质量得分较差的领域是心理领域（54.2±12.5）分、最差的是环境领域（41.8±15.1）分;影响因素有学历、睡眠时间、体育锻炼情况、2周患病情况、是否患有慢性病及医疗付费方式等（P〈0.05）。影响生存质量的因素由大到小依次为体育锻炼情况、2周是否患病、是否患有慢性病、医疗付费方式、学历（P〈0.05）。结论中年知识分子的生存质量较差,主要是心理健康状况较差及生活环境相对不理想所致。影响生存质量的因素与社会心理、行为相关。

Objective To investigate the present situation and related factors of quality of life in middle age intellectuals and provide the basis of health protection. Methods Through stratified sampling, 1 315 persons aged from 40 -60 and engaged in different profession were investigated with the self-compliled scale and WHOQOL-BREF. Results The quality of life in middle age intellectua/s was not idea/. 14. 9% of persons investigated were with lower quality of life. The domain with the lower and lowest score were mentality and environment. The affecting factors of quality of life were education, sleeping time, physical exercise, disease in two weeks, chronic disease, medical expenditure. The result of multifactor analysis showed that the influence factors of quality of life from strong to weak were physical exercise, two-week disease, chronic disease,medical expenditure, and education. Conclusion The quality of life in middle age intellectuals is not ideal. The main reasons are worse mental health status, bad life environment and education.