外源乙醛对中熟和晚熟桃果实采后活性氧代谢的影响

Effect of Exogenous Acetaldehyde on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism in Medium-Term and Late Maturity Peaches During Storage

【目的】研究外源乙醛处理对桃果实采后活性氧代谢的影响。【方法】以中熟品种‘久保’和晚熟品种‘绿化9号’桃为试材,用0、0.25、0.50和1.00ml·L-1乙醛处理果实12h,研究桃果实在(20±1)℃与(0±1)℃贮藏期间活性氧代谢的变化。【结果】在2种贮藏温度下,1.00ml·L-1乙醛处理提高了桃果实超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,降低了超氧负离子游离基()生成速率和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量;0.50ml·L-1处理在室温下降低了生成速率和H2O2含量,提高了SOD和POD的活性,但对CAT活性的影响不显著,在0℃下,0.50ml·L-1处理效果不明显;0.25ml·L-1处理在2种贮藏温度下效果均不明显。在货架期间,不同处理间这些变化的差异不明显。【结论】在2种贮藏温度下,适当浓度的外源乙醛处理可有效延缓桃果实活性氧代谢。

【Objective】 The effects of exogenous acetaldehyde treatment on reactive oxygen metabolism in peaches （Prunus persica L.）during storage were investigated. 【Method】 The medium-term maturity of ＇Okuba＇ and late maturity of ＇Lhua 9＇ peaches were fumigated with 0,0.25,0.50 and 1.00 ml·L^-1 acetaldehyde （AA） for 12 hours,then stored at room （20±1℃） or low （0±1℃） temperatures. The active oxygen metabolism of the fruits during storage was investigated. 【Result】At the two temperatures 1.00 ml·L^-1 AA treatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）,catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） of peach in various extents,decreased the production rate of superoxide anion radical （O2^↑-· ） and the contents of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） at different periods of storage. AA treatment at 0.50 ml·L^-1 also decreased the production rate of O2^↑-· and the contents of H2O2,increased the activities of SOD and POD but the light influence on activities of CAT at 20℃. 0.50 ml·L^-1 treatment showed a light influence on the active oxygen metabolism. AA treatment at 0.25 ml·L^-1 had little influence on the active oxygen metabolism. There were no obvious differences in the parameters above among the treatments of fruits during the shelf life. 【Conclusion】 Reactive oxygen metabolism in peaches was held back by exogenous acetaldehyde treatments at suitable concentration at room temperature （20±1）℃and （0±1）℃,respectively.