广州市首起小学甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情分析

Analysis of the First Reported A/H1N1 Influenza Outbreak in a Primary School of Guangzhou

目的了解甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的特点,为控制学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,对广州市首起甲型H1N1流感暴发小学的每一个病例进行问卷调查。对发病3d内的现症患者采集咽拭子标本,使用real-timeRT-PCR方法检测甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸。对密切接触者进行7d的医学观察。收集学校所在社区部分流感样病例咽拭子标本,了解甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况。结果疫情持续14d,共发生流感样病例96例,罹患率为5.90%。采集21份现症患者咽拭子标本,其中14份甲型H1N1核酸为阳性。302名密切接触者经过7d医学观察,未发生被感染病例。采集275份社区流感样病例咽拭子标本,甲型H1N1流感核酸阳性率为5.81%。结论此次疫情为广州市首起小学甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情,感染来源为社区。甲型H1N1流感疫情流行病学特征与季节性流感相似。

Objective To investigate the first reported A/H1N1 influenza outbreak in a primary school of Guangzhou, and to supply scientific measures for controlling the A/H1N1 influenza outbreak. Methods Every case was investigated through the field epidemiology. Collect the throat swab samples of the cases with an onset in recent three days, and a seven days＂ medical observation was conducted on the close contacts. Collect the throat swab samples of the influenza like illness in the community. All the throat swabs were tested with real-time RT - PCR. Results Ninety-six cases were reported during the 14 day（ the attack rate was 5.90% ）, 21 samples were collected, and 14 of them were tested positive to A/H1N1 nucleus acid. None of 302 close contacts was infected with HI NI virus by a 7 day＇s medical observation. Two hundred and seventy-five throat swabs of the influenza like illnesses were collected, and 16（5.81% ） were tested positive to A/H1N1 nucleus acid. Conclusion This epidemic is the first reported A/H1N1 influenza outbreak in a primary school of Guangzhou, the infection source is from the community, and this A/H1N1 influenza outbreak has the similar features in epidemiology with seasonal influenza.