医疗纠纷的社会学成因与防范对策

Social etioloty of medical disputes and preventive strategies: an analysis

近几年来，医疗纠纷的数量大幅度上升，处理难度加大，赔偿额越来越高，已成为社会关注的热点。在社会主义市场经济形成和发展的阶段，医疗纠纷成因中的社会学因素显得更为突出。人们自我保护意识的增强、医疗机构所处的法律环境的重大变化、医疗机构和医务人员对社会角色的转变适应不良、社会对医疗工作的特殊性缺乏应有的认同等，是近年来导致医疗纠纷发生增多的社会学原因。要从根本上转变观念，重视法制教育、增强法制意识，加强管理、堵塞漏洞。

Recent years, the number of medical disputes has increased dramatically. The difficulty in management and the soaring indemnity claimed have become a hot social focus. In the shaping and developing phase of socialist market economy, the social factors of medical disputes etiology appear significant. The enhanced patient awareness of self protection, change of legal environment in which health care institutions exist, maladaptation of health facilities and professionals to changing social roles, and poor social acknowledgement to health work as a special industry are of the social etiology of increasing medical disputes particularly in recent years. Minds should be radically changed, much commitment made to legal awareness and education, management strengthened, loopholes stopped up, and malpractice eliminated to prevent occurence of medical disputes.