职业教育有效推进城乡统筹发展的理论研究

The Theoretical Research into Vocational Education to Promote the Coordinative Development of Urban and Rural Areas Effectively

与其他类型的教育相比,职业教育在有效推进城乡统筹发展过程中具有比较明显的内在优势。在现阶段,我国城乡统筹发展的关键在于广泛而又迅速的提升城乡人口(尤其是农业人口)的整体文化和技术素质(主要是技术技能素质和追求较高质量生活的素质)。对广大的农业人口而言,提升上述素质的有效途径非职业教育莫属。职业教育可以通过农业实用技术培训提升农业人口的农业技能素质;可以通过劳动力转移培训提高农村人口的城镇化、城市化素质;可以通过政治、科技文化知识和技能的培训培育新型农民,等等。而且,职业教育办学灵活、实用,可以深入到田间地头,也可以走乡串户,送教上门,非常适于农村和农民的劳动和生活特征。因此,大力开展职业教育,是现阶段有效推进城乡统筹发展和新农村建设的根本而又长效的对策选择。

Compared with other types of education, vocational education has more obviously inherent advantages in the course of promoting the coordinative development of urban and rural areas effectively. In current period, the key to the coordinative development of urban and rural areas is to upgrade the cultural level and technical qualities （mainly the qualities of technique and skills and that to seek after the life with higher quality） of overall urban and rural populations （especially the agricultural population） extensively and rapidly. To most of the agricultural populations, the most effective way to upgrade the qualities mentioned above is through vocational education. Vocational education can improve the agricultural skills of the rural population through practical and technical training; it can improve their quality of urbanization through the labor force transfer training, and it can cultivate new farmers through political, scientific and cultural knowledge and skills training, etc. Moreover, vocational education is so flexible and practical that it can be conducted in the fields where the farmers work or at their homes, which suits to the labor and life of rural areas and farmers very well. Therefore, developing vocational education vigorously is the fundamental and long-term effective strategy to promote the coordinative development of urban and rural areas and the construction of New Villages.