红树林生态系统对重金属污染的净化作用研究

The Study of Purification of Heavy Metal Elements in Mangrove Ecosystems

红树林生态系统是位于海陆交界处的一种特殊的生态系统。随着近年来沿海地区城市化进程的不断加快,越来越多的城市生活垃圾、工业废水等污染物直接排放入海。重金属元素是造成近海海域污染的主要污染物之一。大量研究表明,位于潮间带或淡水与海水交界处的红树林生态系统具有吸附、沉积固定重金属元素特性。该文从沿海红树林生态系统的结构特点出发,对重金属元素在沿海红树林生态系统中的累积与迁移及重金属污染的净化作用的研究成果进行了综述,提出了利用红树林生态系统治理沿海水域重金属污染的可能途径,为红树林生态系统的保护以及生态效益的评估提供科学依据。

Mangrove ecosystem is a very special ecosystem lying in the intertidal zone. With the rapid pace of urbanization in coastal area in recent years, the increasing household garbage, industrial waste water and other pollutants are directly poured into the sea soars. Heavy metal elements are one of the most serious pollutants which resulted in the pollution of coastal area. Lots of reported studies illustrated that mangrove ecosystems which lie in the intertidal zone have the capability of assimilating and accumulating heavy metal elements. This article summarizes the regular pattern of mobilizing, accumulation and purification of heavy metal elements in mangrove ecosystems, based on the features of mangrove ecosystems. Moreover, the study suggested some anti-pollution methods and provides scientific basis for the protection and the ecological benefit evaluation of mangrove ecosystems.