从农村劳动力视角探析耕地抛荒行为——基于会同县农村的实证研究

The Phenomenon of Idling Arable Land in View of Rural Labour——An Empirical Study of the Phenomenon on the Basis ofthe Reality in Huitong County

从劳动力视角看,抛荒的实质是农业生产中耕地没有和劳动力等生产要素相结合,或结合不充分,前者为显性抛荒,后者为隐性抛荒。通过对湖南省会同县农村的调查研究,发现劳动力数量、质量、结构和价格,对显性抛荒和隐性抛荒有不同的影响;发现农村劳动力剩余和耕地抛荒并存。为了摆脱这种困境,必须降低农业生产成本,增加农业收益,吸引劳动力务农。为此提出按产量奖励、经营权竞拍、适当提高粮价和不同种类耕地实行差别政策等建议。

The substance of idling arable land is that arable land isn＇t combined with other production factors in agricultural production, or isn＇t combined fully. The former is the exposed-idling of arable land, and the later is the unexposed-idling of arable land. Through a survey of the Huitong County in Hunan Province, the paper finds that the quality, quantity,structure and price of labor influence differently on the exposed-idling of arable land and unexposed-idling of arable land. It is also found that labor overplus and idling arable land exist synchronously. In order to get rid of the embarrassment, the productive cost must be knocked- down; profit increase is also needed; and attracting labor to take part in agricultural production. Accordingly this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, which including incentives according to the output of land, vendues of the land management right, increasing grain price appropriately and implementing different policies on different kind of land.