垄断行业的效率、改革与规制重构——转型经济中的经验与教训研讨会观点综述

Effects of Monopoly,Reform of These Industries,and Restructure of Regulations——Basis Experiences and Lessons from Transition Economies

行政垄断的判定与垄断程度的测度需要一个完善的标准。实证表明,行政垄断造成了巨大的经济效率损失,而消除行政垄断只能分步骤有序进行。竞争政策的设计应结合本国国情,竞争政策的目标也应该是多元的,同时需要构建完善的反垄断体系。垄断行业的改革应根据行业自身特点与市场空间来确定其市场化的程度和规制的程度,需要系统设计改革时序,重构并建立科学的规制体系。

There is a need to set up kinds of indicators to judge the administrative monopoly and to measure the extent of the monopoly. Empirical studies show that enormous losses of economic efficiency are caused by the administrative monopoly. But to eliminate the administrative monopoly should be carried on in a systematically. Competitive policy should be designed with the local positions of an economy. The goals of competitive policy should also be diversified. And it is need to set up an antimonopoly system. The extent of marketization and regulation of monopoly industries should be put forward according to the characteristics of the industries and their scope of markets. And we should set up and restructure rational institutions of regulation.