日语格助词“で”表示时间的意义特征——与格助词“に”的比较

On Characteristics of Time Significance of Japanese Case Particle "で"

格助词"で"和"に"都可以表示动作、作用的时间,有时可以互换,有时不能互换,并且互换后的深层意义不一样。以往的研究中对"で"表示时间的用法论及得很少,即便提到了,也无法解释某些语言现象。表示时间的"に"和"で"在用法上差异明显,"で"含有到达该时间点的过程,而"に"不含过程,デ格只和瞬间动词搭配使用。

In Japanese, the two particles ＂で＂ and ＂に＂ can be used to express the time of actions. Sometimes they are interchangeable. However, sometimes they are not interchangeable. And their implied meanings will be quite different when they substitute for each other. The two particles ＂で＂ and ＂に＂ have apparently different functions when they are used to express the concept of time grammatically. ＂で＂ often implies the process to a certain point, whereas ＂に＂ only can be attached to momentary verbs.