普那菊苣秋种次年高产综合农艺措施研究

Study on Comprehensive Agronomic Measures of Puna Chicory Planted in Autumn and High-yielding in the Next Year

[目的]研究种植密度、施N量、施P2O5量及施K2O量对普那菊苣鲜草产量的影响,为菊苣生产提供理论依据。[方法]采用2次回归正交旋转组合设计方法,研究普那菊苣秋种次年鲜草产量与种植密度及氮、磷、钾肥施用量4因子间的关系,建立普那菊苣鲜草产量与试验4因子间的数学模型,通过对模型解析、模拟寻优,提出普那菊苣高产综合农艺措施。[结果]普那菊苣鲜草产量≥206250kg/hm2的农艺措施:种植密度19.08万～20.54万株/hm2,每次刈割次日施纯N量82.60～97.25kg/hm2,底肥施P2O5量170.09～196.95kg/hm2,K2O量123.17～142.43kg/hm2。[结论]在普那菊苣高产栽培中,种植密度是影响鲜草产量的重要因素,其次是氮、钾肥施用量,再次是磷肥施用量,故应在合理密植、保证单位面积有足够株数的基础上,合理施用氮肥,并配合磷、钾肥的施用。

[Objective]Relationship between Puna chicory fresh yield and planting density,the fertilizer dosage of N,P,K was studied in order to provide theoretical base for chicory production.[Method]Quadratic regression orthogonal composite design method was used to study the relationship between Puna chicory fresh yield and planting density,the fertilizer dosage of N,P,K.The regression equation between chicory fresh yield and four factors was put forward.[Result]Agronomic measures of yield was≥206 250.00 kg/hm2 showed that planting density was 0.190 8 million-0.205 4 million stem/hm2,dosage of pure N applicated in the next day after every cutting was 82.60-97.25 kg/hm2,dosage of P2O5 and K2O used as basal fertilizer was 170.09-196.95 kg/hm2 and 123.17-142.43 kg/hm2.[Conclusion]During Puna chicory＇ s high-yielding cultivation,planting density was the most important factor to chicory fresh yield,followed by dosage of nitrogen and phosphorus,dosage of potash was in third.Right dosage of pure N should be integrates with dosage of P2O5 and K2O based on reasonable planting density.