十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐阴离子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Study on the synthesis and properties of anionic surfactant dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate

研究了十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐阴离子表面活性剂的合成条件。首先制备了中间产物十二烷基甘油醚,然后与氯乙酸钠反应制得终产物。考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料摩尔比、氢氧化钠用量及反应方法对反应的影响,得出反应的适宜条件为:浓度为50%的氢氧化钠碱液,n(十二烷基甘油醚)∶n(氯乙酸钠)=1∶1.2,以环己烷作带水剂,100℃下反应6 h,活性物含量达87.6%。测定了该表面活性剂的一系列性能,结果显示,该表面活性剂具有高表面活性,较低的临界胶束浓度和良好的增溶性、稳泡性。

The dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate anionic surfactant was synthesized by two steps. Intermediate product, dodecyl glycerol ether was first synthesized and then reacted with sodium chloroacetate to obtain the product. The influencing factors, such as reaction temperature, time, molar ratio, the amount of sodium hydroxide and reaction method were studied. The appropriate reaction conditions were obtained as follows：with 50% of sodium hydroxide, n （dodecyl glycerol ether） ： n （chloroacetie acid sodium） = 1：1.2,using cyclohexane as aqua, reacting for 6 h at 150 ℃, the amount of active matter reached 87.6%. Surfactant properties were measured, the results showed that it has good surface tension reduction, capacity increase performance and foam stability.