基于区位熵理论的中国资源型地区判定研究

The Judgment of the Resource-based Regions in China with the Theory on Location Entropy

本文运用区位熵理论,通过对我国主要省份资源型产业的研究与比较,对我国资源型地区进行了定量判定,并对各省资源型产业所占比重进行排序。资源型地区应该是指,在一定阶段,以本地区矿产、森林等自然资源的开采加工为主导产业,大规模动用和耗费资源,以牺牲环境为代价,且资源性产业长期在国民经济各方面占有举足轻重地位的地区。笔者引入区位熵指数这个指标,从该地区资源型产业的产值在区际间是否具有相对优势与资源型产业所用劳动力在区际间是否相对比重较大两个方面来测算、分析各个省份在资源产业方面的优劣。根据全国各地区的资源性产业地区生产总值区位熵S1的计算结果,归属于资源型地区的省份为:山西、黑龙江、陕西、青海和新疆五个省(区);根据对资源性产业劳动力区位熵S2的测算,资源型地区特征明显的省份为山西与宁夏两个省份;测算全国各省份煤炭开采与洗选业的专门化指数S3的结果显示,资源型省份为山西、内蒙古和宁夏。总的来说,资源型地区的有山西、黑龙江、陕西、青海、新疆、宁夏和内蒙古等7个省份。

Analyzing the resource-based industries in the main provinces, the paper works out the resource-based regions in China. The resource-based region is the area where the primary industry is natural resource developing at the cost of environment and a large quantity of energy. In this kind of region, the production the industry mentioned above creates is vital to this area. With the index on location entropy measuring the comparative advantage and weighting, the authors study the advantage and disadvantage of some provinces on the resourcebased industry. According to the location entropy on GDP in the resource-based provinces, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang belong to resource-based areas. With the location entropy on labor input in the resource-based provinces, Shanxi and Ningxia are the target provinces. Through the professional index on coal mining and washery industry, the resource-based provinces include Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. All in all, the resource-based area in China contains Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Shaaxin, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.