上海社会工作机构的生成轨迹与发展困境

The Path of Cultivation and Problem of Development on Social Work Organizations in Shanghai

上海社会工作机构的培育和发展经历了一个从政府直接运作到社会组织孵化、再至政社合作推动的渐进社会化过程,呈现出一个多元发展的格局。在机构发展实践过程中主要面临代表性问题、自主性问题、技术性问题等困境。为有效应对上述问题,政府在完善社会工作机构管理体制中应突出政府采购的制度建设;社会工作机构运作方面需要施行渐进市场化措施,从政社合作向企社合作拓展;机构能力建设过程中须重视个性发展,同时注重技术型与价值型相结合的品质发展向度。

It undergoes a process which consists of three phases,namely direct operations by government,incubations by social organizations,and joint promotion by both government and society in terms of the cultivation and development of social work organizations in Shanghai. It is a gradual-socialization-process,and presents a diversified pattern of development. The major problems are including representation,autonomy and some practical problems. In order to cope with these problems effectively,the essay makes some suggestions: government should highlight the construction of procurement system in perfecting the management system of social work,;social work organizations should implement marketization measures and expand from between government and society to between enterprises and society;character development should be paid attention to capacity-building process;we should focus on the combination of the quality of the development dimension based on technology and value.