基于多尺度遥感影像分割方法的湿地生态廊道设计

Design of wetland ecological corridor based on multi-scale remote sensing image segmentation

从生物多样性保护的角度,采用多尺度遥感影像分割方法中的人为干扰度模型,计算分割阈值确定湿地生态廊道的宽度,并结合聚类分析法分类的8种人为干扰类型,对建三江地区廊道结构设计进行了研究。结果表明,廊道分割阈值设为20%,非湿地背景噪声为9.43%,湿地生态廊道最佳宽度为1298m。8种人为干扰度中聚类c1、c2、c3和c4类型是受人为干扰较弱的区域,主要分布在浓江、乌苏里江、三江和洪河保护区原始生态环境区域,将其分别设定为核心区、实验区、边缘区、缓冲区4种类型。廊道核心区中的沼泽类型占75%,总体精度高达93.7%,实验区沼泽占72.2%,精度达到75.8%,边缘与缓冲区起到边缘护栏的作用,缓冲区宽度为945m,本研究为湿地生态廊道的建设与修复提供了可靠、科学的参考依据。

For the protection of eco-environment and biodiversity in Jiansanjiang area of Northeast China,the method of multi-scale remote sensing image segmentation was adopted to design an ecological corridor between two national nature reserves Sanjiang and Honghe. The width of this corridor was defined by calculating the division threshold value of NDVI standardized change intensity index,and the structure of the corridor was designed by using a moving window algorithm and a K-means cluster analysis algorithm. The division threshold value was set at 20%,background noise of non-wetland was at 9.43%,and optimal width of wetland ecological corridor was 1298 m. Among the regions suffered from eight different intensities of human disturbance,clusters c1,c2,c3,and c4 were the regions less affected by human disturbance,mainly distributed in the primitive eco-environment of Nongjiang River,Wusuli River,Sanjiang Nature Reserve,and Honghe Nature Reserve. To construct the wetland ecological corridor between the two nature reserves,the c1,c2,c3,and c4 were defined as ＇core＇,＇test＇,＇marginal＇,and ＇buffer＇ zones,respectively. In ＇core＇ zone and ＇test＇ zone,swamp occupied 75% and 72.2%,with an accuracy as high as 93.7% and 75.8%,respectively; and ＇marginal＇ and ＇buffer＇ zones played the role of edge guardrail. The width of the ＇buffer＇ zone was 945 m. Our study provided a reliable and scientific reference for the construction and restoration of wetland ecological corridor.