大城市对外客运枢纽布局优化模型

Layout optimizing model of external passenger transport hub in metropolis

分析了对外客运枢纽的特点,从交通规划决策者和用户角度出发,采用双层规划模型进行城市对外客运枢纽布局优化。上层规划模型从交通规划决策者的角度出发,优化对外客运枢纽布局,使得枢纽出行者出行时间总体最省;下层从用户的角度出发,采用随机用户平衡模型来描述用户的出行规律,合理安排出行者的出行路线。上层模型采用遗传算法求解,下层模型采用连续平均法求解。算例结果表明:在至多允许建设3、4、5个枢纽的约束条件下,最优适应度在进化100代以内达到恒定,收敛速度较快,该模型有效。

The features of external passenger transport hub were analyzed,and a bi-level planning model of hub layout was established from the views of transport policy-makers and users.The upper-level model was from the perspective of policy-makers,its target was the minimum of time consumptions of all travelers by optimizing hub layout,and it was solved by genetic algorithm.The lower-level model was from the perspective of users,the traveling characteristics of passengers were described,the rational routes of passengers were arranged by adopting stochastic user equilibrium model,and the lower-level model was solved by the method of successive averages.Example result indicates that under the constraints that three,four or five transport hubs are allowed to be constructed at most,the optimal fitness of the model reaches a constant value with 100 generations of evolution,and its convergence rate is fast,so the bi-level planning model is valid.2 tabs,7 figs,11 refs.