湖州青梅害虫及天敌种类调查和结构分析

Investigation of species and structure of the pests and natural enemies in Prunus mume orchards in Huzhou,Zhejiang Province

通过详细的林间样地踏查,调查了浙江省湖州长兴地区青梅林的昆虫及蜘蛛的种类,分析了各类群的组成结构。共采集到昆虫98种(青梅害虫67种,天敌昆虫26种,中性昆虫5种)、蜘蛛5种。调查表明,青梅害虫主要有黑蚱蝉C ryptotympana atrata、八点广翅蜡蝉Ricania speculum、杨梅球坚蚧Eulecanium kunoensis、褐刺蛾Setora postornata及太谷桃仁小蜂Eurytoma maslovskii5种,其中又以黑蚱蝉和太谷桃仁小蜂最为主要。青梅林昆虫群落功能结构分析表明,青梅林昆虫群落中以植食性昆虫占主导地位,占全部种类的65.05%。首次报道了青梅林害虫及天敌的种类和结构,为青梅害虫的防控提供了参考。

The species of insects and spiders in Prunus mume forest were investigated based on the survey and the structure of insect community of P.mume forests was analyzed.Ninety-eight species of insects（67 herbivores,26 natural enemies and 5 neutral insects） and 5 species of spiders were collected.In all the herbivores,Cryptotympana atrata,Ricania speculum,Eulacanium kunoensis,Setora postornata and Eurytoma maslovskii were most important.According to the analysis of the structure of insect community,the phytophagous group was dominant of all the function groups,occupying 65.05% of all the insect species.The species and structure of insects in P.mume were first reported to provide reference for the control of P.mume pests.