北京市成人诺如病毒性腹泻流行病学调查

Epidemiological characteristics of norovirus diarrhea in adults,Beijing

目的探讨北京市成人诺如病毒性腹泻的流行病学特点。方法采集2007年10月~2008年1月在中日友好医院就诊的232例成人急性腹泻患者的粪便样本,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测粪便诺如病毒抗原。统计学处理采用SPSS 10.0统计软件,率的差异用χ2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果232份粪便样本中诺如病毒抗原阳性136例,阳性率为58.62%,各年龄组间阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。10月份诺如病毒检出率最高,为63.30%（69/109）,12月份检出率最低,为44.44%（20/45）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。136例诺如病毒阳性患者中,出现呕吐症状者占47.79%（65/136）,而诺如病毒阴性患者为26.04%（25/96）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论本调查研究表明,诺如病毒是北京市秋冬季成人散发性腹泻的主要病原体,成人诺如病毒性腹泻患者易出现呕吐症状。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus diarrhea among adults in Beijing.Methods Stool specimens were collected from adults with acute diarrhea who visited the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from October,2007 to January,2008.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used for detection of human norovirus antigen in stool specimen.Results A total of 136（58.62%）positive specimens were detected among 232 sporadic cases of acute diarrhea,and no significant differences were observed among the age groups（P0.05）.From October to January,the highest positive rate（63.30%,69/109） was found in October and the lowest one（44.44%,20/45） in December.There was a significant difference between the two months（P0.05）.Vomiting was more common in norovirus-positive patients（47.79%,65/136） as compared to that of norovirus-negative patients（26.04%,25/96）（P0.001）.Conclusion Norovirus was a major pathogen for sporadic acute diarrhea in adults in Beijing during autumn and winter,and vomiting was more common in norovirus diarrhea than others.