卡尔·波提舍建构理论中的本体与表现

Ontology and Representation in Karl Btticher's Theory of Tectonics

卡尔·波提舍以他具有里程碑意义的建构理论而闻名。19世纪40年代,波提舍提出一个关于建筑表现的理论体系。这个理论首先基于对平面和结构的考量,其次基于装饰形式对结构的象征意义的表现。由于担心当时的美学正在导致建筑的毫无目的的非物质性以及对外在目标的依赖,波提舍将装饰解释为对建筑物内在主题的传达。从史学角度来看,波提舍构想了一个用希腊装饰语汇来解释及表达材料和结构受力的中世纪研究学者的框架。这个审美观念的重新定义,加上他对铸铁结构视觉表现力的宣扬,对于现代德国建筑知识体系的探索有重大的意义。

Karl Btticher is best known for his landmark theory of architectural tectonics.In the 1840s,Btticher proposed an integrated system of architectural expression,based first on considerations of plan and structure,and then on the symbolism of structure in ornamental forms.Fearful that philosophical aesthetics was leading architecture into purposeless immateriality and a dependence on extrinsic aims, Btticher interpreted ornament as the communication of themes intrinsic to building.In a historical sense, Botticher envisioned a medievalist armature of material and structural forces represented by an explanatory language of Greek ornamental forms.This reformulation of aesthetic ideas,coupled with his related advocacy for the visible expression of iron structure,had great significance for the pursuit of a system of architectural knowledge in modern Germany.