不同水氮处理对温室黄瓜产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of different water and nitrogen treatment on the yield and quality and water use efficiency of cucumber in greenhouse

采用温室小区试验方法,研究了不同水氮条件对黄瓜产量、品质以及植株生长特性、叶片水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,同一施氮条件下,减量灌水处理的瞬时水分利用效率明显高于菜农习惯灌水处理,其中处理W2N1 200比W1N1 200提高了2.89%,处理W2N900比W1N900提高了6.14%。减量灌水条件下,减施氮50%处理（W2N600）与习惯施氮处理（W2N1 200）相比,黄瓜产量以及果实Vc、可溶性糖含量分别提高了5.43%、7.22%、12.90%,而果实硝酸盐含量降低了13.54%。通过试验得出,目前河北省温室蔬菜生产节水、节肥潜力很大,通过实时监控水分含量,采取比当地农民习惯用量减水30%、减氮25%~50%的措施,不仅能维持黄瓜较好的生长特性,提高叶片的水分利用效率,而且能保证黄瓜的产量,改善果实的品质。

The effects of water and nitrogen treatment on cucumber＇s yield,quality and growth characteristics and also water use efficiency were studied in greenhouse in Xinji city,Hebei province.It included six water and nitrogen treatments.The results showed that,with the same nitrogen application amount,the water use efficiency under the moderately reduced water treatment was obviously higher than the habitual water treatment.The water use efficiency of the treatment W2N1 200 increased by 2.89% than W1N1 200,and also the treatment W2N900 increased by 6.14% compared with W1N900.By through monitoring the water content all the time,the general analysis showed that,the treatment with the water decreased by 30% and nitrogen decreased by 25%~50% was a much more reasonable management approach.Because it had not only the higher growth characteristics and water use efficiency,but also with the higher cucumber yield and quality.The treatment of decreasing nitrogen by 50%（W2N600）could make the yield and the contents of Vc,soluble sugar increase by 5.43%,7.22%,12.90% respectively,while the amount of NO-3 in fruit decreased by 13.54% compared with treatment of W2N1 200.The experiment showed that it had the potential of saving water and fertilizer under the premise of keeping the plant＇s yield and quality in greenhouse in Xinji city,Hebei province.