基于外部性分析的绿色建筑经济激励政策设计

Economic Incentive Policy Design for Green Buildings Based on Externality Analysis

由于外部性的存在,绿色建筑市场会出现失灵,亟需中央政府制定相应的经济激励政策推动其发展。本文运用经济学的原理及方法,建立了中央政府和房地产开发商的完全信息动态博弈模型,得出了"经济效益是房地产开发商是否开发绿色建筑的关键影响因素,经济激励额度是影响房地产开发商决策的重要影响因素;激励效果是中央政府是否实施经济激励政策的关键影响因素,激励程度超出承受能力中央政府将不实施经济激励"的结论,建议中央政府应采取以供给端为导向的、"胡萝卜+大棒"式的绿色建筑经济激励机制,以及分阶段的经济激励方案。

Externality will lead to market failure of green building.Central government should formulate economic incentive policies to promote its development.In this paper,with the principles and methods of economics,a dynamic game model with perfect information between central government and real estate developers was established.The results shown that economic benefit was the key factor which would influence real estate developers to develop green buildings or not,economic incentive amount was an important factor which would influence real estate developers＇ decision.Furthermore,incentive effect was the key factor which would influence central government to implement economic incentive policies or not,economic incentive policies would not be implemented when incentive degree exceeded central government＇s bearing capacity.It was suggested that central government should adopt supply-oriented and ＂carrot with rod＂economic incentive mechanism and economic incentive scheme during different stages.