“残缺产权”之转让:石仓“退契”研究(1728—1949)

The transfer of "Incomplete Property Rights":A Study of the "Deed Back" of Shicang(1728-1949)

在1728年至1949年的浙南乡村,存在一种称为"退"的交易行为及制度安排,体现了乡村土地交易的复杂性与交易方式的多样性。土地交易,并不一定是土地所有权的整体性交易,而经常表现为土地使用权、收益权和转让权的部分性交易。因此,土地所有权的残缺暨土地使用权、收益权和转让权的分离,为重新理解及重新界定传统乡村的产权制度,提供了新的认识框架与解释模型。

In the rural areas of Southern Zhejiang from 1728 to 1949,there existed a kind of transaction behavior and institutional arrangement known as 'ceding(tui)' It reflected the complex diversity of land transactions in the Chinese countryside.Such transactions did not necessarily involve full land ownership.On the contrary,they were often undertaken as partial transactions involving land use rights,the right to derive benefit from the land and land transfer.For this reason,the incompleteness of land ownership and the separation between the rights of land use,deriving benefit from the land and land transfer offer a new cognitive framework and interpretive model for understanding and redefining the traditional system of rural property rights.