正常新生儿畸变产物耳声发射

Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Normal Newborn

目的研究新生儿畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）听力筛选的最佳时机，了解正常新生儿ＤＰＯＡＥ的基本特征；方法应用Ｃｅｌｅｓｔａ５０３型耳声发射分析仪对２０名正常新生儿出生后１～５天逐日进行ＤＰＯＡＥ测试。结果随新生儿天龄的增加，ＤＰＯＡＥ的检出率及反应幅值逐渐提高。ｆ０为０．５ｋＨｚ时，ＤＰＯＡＥ的检出率较低，且反应不稳定。ｆ０≥０．７５ｋＨｚ时，ＤＰＯＡＥ的检出率迅速接近或达到１００％，大部分测试频率在出生１～２天的反应幅值显著低于后几天，至出生后第３天，ＤＰＯＡＥ的检出率及反应幅值均趋于稳定；结论新生儿ＤＰＯＡＥ听力筛选的适宜天龄应在其出生后３天或３天以上。０．５ｋＨｚ不宜作为新生儿ＤＰＯＡＥ的听力筛选频率。ＴＥＯＡＥ和ＤＰＯＡＥ相应频谱的反应幅值有显著相关性。

Objective To investigate the optimal time of distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) in newborn hearing screening and to obtain the basic properties of DPOAE in the normal newborns. Methods DPOAE were recorded 1 to 5 days postpartum in 40 ears of 20 healthy newborns with Celesta 503 Cochlear Emission Analyzer.Results The prevalence and response levels of DPOAE gradually increased from the first day postpartum. The prevalence of DPOAE was lower and the response was not stable at the f 0 frequency of 0.5 kHz. While the f 0 was equal to or higher than 0.75 kHz, the prevalence rapidly approached to 100%. The response levels of the most frequencies in 1st and 2nd days were significantly lower than that in the following days, the differences in 3 to 5 days postpartum failed to reach significance for all test frequencies. Both the prevalence and response levels tended to stablity in the age of 3 days. Conclusion The optimal time for performing DPOAE screening in newborns was at least 3 days after they were born. 0.5 kHz was not feasible for newborn as DPOAE hearing screening frequency. The regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between the response levels of TEOAE and DPOAE in each of counterpart frequency bands. Both TEOAE and DPOAE have advantages and disadvantages in nowborn hearing screening.