我国20世纪初西方诗歌翻译对新诗形成的影响

TRANSLATION OF POEMS FROM THE WEST IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON NEW POETRY IN CHINA

20世纪初,中国新诗形成与当时西方诗歌的翻译分不开。翻译不仅向本土文学注入了异域文学意识形态,同时也引进了新的文学形式,特别是,当一个民族文学处于岌岌可危,遭致信任危机时,翻译文学将替代本土文学而占据中心地位。无论是诗歌改良者黄遵宪、或是诗界革命者梁启超、还是新诗的主张者胡适,都主张向西方文学学习,而学习的第一步就是翻译介绍西方优秀的诗歌作品,且包括冯至、郭沫若在内的新诗的实践者正是在消化吸收西方诗歌艺术的基础上达至自己的艺术成就的。

The formation of new poetry in China in the early 20th century was closely related to the translation of poems from the west.Translation introduces not only foreign literature ideology but also new form of literature into the native literature and when a national literature is in a critical situation,translation works may take the dominant position in place of native literature.Huang Zun-xian,Liang Qi-chao,and Hu Shi,reformers and advocates of new poetry then maintained then that Chinese literature should learn from the west.The first steps of learning from the west was to translate western poems into Chinese.Modern poets like Feng Zhi and Guo Moruo accomplished their success in literature under the influence of western poems.