规划管制下基本农田保护的经济补偿研究综述

Researching Trends of Prime Farmland's Economic Compensation Under Land Use Planning Control

20世纪90年代以来,针对耕地资源流失速度加快的基本形势,国家实施严厉的管制制度及措施不断强化对优质农田的保护及管理。然而,采取禁止性或限制性强的规划管制制度,严格限制或剥夺管制区域内相关群体使用资源和空间的权利,如未提供相应的补偿和经济援助,将侵害相关群体的发展机会及利益,导致不同分区利益群体福利非均衡,违背环境公平。因此,可以说基本农田保护区的设立在一定程度上使区域内土地的发展权利受到限制,给保护区内相关群体带来机会及利益的损失。如何从政策层面上探讨实现基本农田保护供给面由非均衡性向均衡性转变的补偿移转制度及举措,构建激励相容的利益分配机制,设计基本农田保护的经济补偿机制,是一个重要的研究课题。本文从研究视角、研究内容及重心、研究难点及实践经验、研究方法及现实需求等方面的变化对国内外当前规划管制下土地发展权利受限,基本农田保护的经济补偿的研究现状及发展趋势加以总结分析,为加强我国基本农田保护及构建基本农田保护的经济补偿制度提供借鉴。

Since 1990s, along with the rapid loss of cultivated land, the government adopted a series of severe policy and mechanism to protect the cultivated land. However, the related stakeholders＇ right of using resources and space was prohibited and limited without related economic aids and compensations. So if cultivalted land is planned as a basic farmland protection area, to some extent, its land development rights will be limited. Furthermore, nowadays the opportunity loss of relevant interest groups will be enhanced under compelling farmland protection system and imperative land use planning control in China. How to design the compensation mechanism of protecting prime farmland and to construct a fair interest mechanism among farmers, collective economic organization and local government is an important research, This paper analyzes the researching progresses and trends of prime farmland＇s economic compensation and land development rights＇ limitation under land use planning control from the change of perspective, topic and focus, difficulties and experiences of the related research, which will provide reference for China＇ s prime farmland protection.