阳离子型氨基葡萄糖表面活性剂的合成及其性能研究

Synthesis of A Cationic Glucosamine Surfactant and Study on Its Performance

利用甲壳素在浓盐酸中充分水解制得的氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐(GAH)与环氧丙基十二烷基二甲基氯化铵(DT-GA)反应,合成了阳离子型氨基葡萄糖表面活性剂(2-羟基-3-十二烷基二甲基季铵基)丙基氨基葡萄糖(QA-GluN)。结果表明,25℃下,QA-GluN的CMC值为0.5 mmol.L-1,γCMC为25.9 mN.m-1,Γmax为2.61×10-6mol.cm-2,Amin为0.64 nm2;当QA-GluN浓度为1×10-3mol.L-1时,与十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、Tween 80、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱配伍稳定,与十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配时如SDS浓度超过1×10-3mol.L-1会产生沉淀。QA-GluN是一种性能优良的表面活性剂。

A cationic glucosamine surfactant（2-hydroxy-3-dodecyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium） propyl glucosamine（QA-GluN） was synthesized by reaction of epoxypropyl dodecyl dimethyl ammomium chloride（DTGA） with glucosamine hydrochloride（GAH） made from chitin.For QA-GluN at 20℃,its CMC,γCMC,Γmax,Amin was 0.5 mmol·L^-1,25.9 mN·m^-1,2.61 ×10^-6 mol·cm^-2 and 0.64 nm^2,respectively.There was good compatibility between QA-GluN at 1×10^-3 mol·L^-1 with cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride（1631）,Tween 80 or dodecyl dimethyl betaine.Blending 1×10^-3 mol·L^-1 QA-GluN with sodium lauryl sulfate（SDS）,precipitation would be generated when SDS concentration was higher than 1×10^-3 mol·L^-1.QA-GluN possesses good surface activity.